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– b]j]Gb| uf}td

pQd s[lif, dWod Jofkf/, cwd hflu/.

g]kfn ;fFRr} s[lifk|wfg b]z ePsf] a]nf rn]sf] plSt x'g'k5{ of].

b]z sldzgk|wfg eO;s]kl5 plSt klg ;dofg's"n agfOg'k5{ elgPnf. o; ;DaGwdf k|1f k|lti7fgn] ;f]r]s} xf]nf. 

s'g} a]nf o; b]zn] Ol08ofh:tf] ljzfn b]zdf wfg-rfdn lgof{t uYof]{ /]. Wffg lgof{t ug p a]nfsf] ;/sf/n] s+kgL g} vf]n]sf] lyof] eGg] cls+rgn] log} cfFvfn] k9]sf] xf].

cls+rgnfO{ sl/a !^ jif{ cl3 Ps jl/i7 kqsf/n] ;'gfPsf] lyof]M lj ;+ @)!% lt/ p;sf] u[x/fHo s]/n vfB ;+s6u|:t x'Fbf g]kfnn] rfdn lgof{t u/]sf] lyof].

k|ltudglj/f]wL cfGbf]ngsf] qmflGtsf/L ofddf cls+rgn] Tof] k|ltudgsfnLg 36gf rfv dfg]/ ;'g]sf] lyof].

cem} Aofs luo/df nfuf}F x} t.

Ps} l5g c;d, gfufNof08lt/ nfuf}F. c;d
-cf;fd_ df g]kfnLx¿ v]tLkftL, kz'kfng u/L a;]sf 5g\, lzIff, Jofkf/sf] If]qdf klg pgLx¿ cufl8 g} 5g\. :yfgLo ;d'bfox¿nfO{ s[lif sd{ ug{ l;sfPsf] g]kfnLx¿n] g} xf] elgG5. h+uaxfb'/sf] kfnfdf g]kfnLx¿ Totf uPsf /x]5g\. g]kfnLx¿n] s[lifsd{ l;sfPsfn]] gfufx¿ h+uaxfb'/nfO{ dfG5g\ /].

g]kfnLx¿n] g} e'6fgLx¿nfO{ s[lifsd{ l;sfPsf /]. Kfl5 ToxfF g]kfnLx¿sf] hg;+Vof a9\b} uof], /fhgLlts r]tgfdf klg j[l4 eof]. pgLx¿ k|hftGq, dfgjflwsf/h:tf pRr cfbz{x¿sf nflu h'd{'/fpg yfn]. lg/+s'z e'6fgL zf;sx¿ g]kfnLx¿sf] dfun] lrl9Psf] / …;a}eGbf 7'nf] k|hftGqÚsf] cf8 kfP/ g]kfnLx¿nfO{ nv]6]sf] yfxf gkfPsf] zfob ;+o'St /fi6«;+3n] dfq} xf]nf.

kxf8sf] le/fnf] e"agf]6df u/fx¿ agfP/ ul/g] sG6f]8{ kmfldª g]kfnL ls;fgsf] cfljisf/ xf] elgG5.

cf/+edf plNnlvt pvfg ;+em]/ eGg'kbf{ cfw'lgs g]kfndf cj:yf 7\ofSs} plN6Psf] 5.

clxn] t hflu/ jf /fhgLlt -plStdf /fhgLltsf] pNn]v gePsf]n] dfq} xf], gq g]kfndf o; sfndf /fhgLlth:tf] pQd j[lQ jf:tjd} csf]{ 5}g_ g} pQd xf]nf ls< hflu/df klg v'jf hflu/ cyf{t\ ;/sf/L hflu/ /fd|f].

Psrf]l6 6'KkL s;]/ k9]l;, 6'KkLh:tf] pkof]uL s'/f] g/fVg]x¿n] sDd/ s;]/ k9]l; lhljsf]kfh{g ;DaGwL ;a} 606f ;fkm. h] Pd s]G;nfO{ g} 5Ss kfg]{ lsl;dsf] cfly{s dGbL g} cfP klg tna, eQf cflb 36g] jfnf 5}g, lgj[lQe/0f, pkbfg cflb t 5Fb}5.

cgf}krfl/s nfex¿af/] w]/} gn]vd\ lsgeg] of] ljifo j0f{gftLt 5.

;/sf/L hflu/kl5sf] pDbf j[lQ t Jofkf/ g} xf]nf, j}Zoo'udf t of] zfob ;a}eGbf pQd j[lQ kf] xf] ls<

Jofkf/ cyf{t\ lxddfgjnfO{ cfO;lqmd a]Rg] snf. o; b]zsf] jfl0fHo, Jofkf/ – v'nf Jofkf/, aGb Jofkf/, kl/aGb Jofkf/ – k/dzlStdfg, k/da'l4dfg b]jLb]jtfx¿sf nflu klg caf]wuDo ljifo xf] eGg] cls+rg 7fGb5.

o'qm]g ;DaGwdf pQ/ P6nflG6s ;lGw ;+u7g / ¿;lar a9\bf] tgfj, dxfJoflw cflbsf sf/0f pTkGg cfly{s ;+s6sf lar :jb]zd} s[lifsd{ u/L alga'tf] ul//x]sf g]kfnLhgnfO{ ;/sf/n];+emfO/x]sf] 5 ;a}eGbf …cwdÚ sd{ s'g xf] eg]/.

Wffg /f]Kg] a]nf eO;Sof]. dn 5}g. lap 5}g. hn;|f]tsf] wgL b]zdf l;+rfOsf] ;'ljwf 5}g. vf]nf, gbLdf afFw, a/fh afFw]/ kfgLhlt ;n{Ss} l;df s6fOPsf] 5.

;fdflhs ;+hfnx¿df ;of}F /f]kgL v]taf/L ePsf cls+rg h:tfx¿sf] v]tL ePsf] 5, sf]zL{, 6gsk'/, u08s, nId0fk'/, v'b{nf]6g a/fh÷afFw k[i7e"lddf /fv]/ ;]NkmL÷ljkmL  lvr]/ kf]i6 ug]{. Kffl/kl§ a]df};ddf klg nxnx afnL 5, jfl/ wfgv]tdf wfFhf kmf6]sf 5g\, sldnf ;lhn} vf]nf, gbL t5{g\. s'g s'g :jKgb|i6fsf] sfd xf]nf of]<

lktfk'vf{ ls;fg eP/ s] ug{'<

plxn] k9Lu'gL s] 5 sfd, xnf] hf]tL dfd} dfd eGb} s[lifsd{nfO{ xf]RofOg] u/]sf]n] klg xf]nf cls+rgh:tf o; s[lifk|wfg b]zsf nfvf}F gful/snfO{ s[lifsd{ g} cfpFb}g. kf7\oqmddf g} pNNf]v ul/Fb}g /}yfg] afnL, af]6la¿jf, h8La'6Lsf pkof]lutf / ljz]iftfaf/]. Aff]qm] af}l4stf k'lht x'G5, s[lifsd{ x'Fb}g.

xfd|f] vfgf vr{ x]bf{ s[lifk|wfg b]zsf] pkdf Jo+Uo k|tLt x'G5. xfdL o'jf lgof{t u5f}{F clg pgLx¿n] k7fPsf] ljk|]if0f lt/L cfjZos j:t'x¿ cfoft u5f}{F. eG;f/ ljefusf] tYof+sn] b]vfpF5 xfdL jg:klt l3p, cgfh, t/sf/L, /f;folgs dn, kmnkm"n, lrgL tyf ld7fO, skf;, lrof, skmL, d/d;nf, b'Uw–kbfy{, dx, c08f, df5f, kz'j:t' / df;' cfoft ubf{ /x]5f}F.

o'4sf] a]nf klg ls;fgdfly cfqmd0f ul/Fb}g, lsgeg] p t cGgbftf xf], p;n] v]tL gu/] ;}lgs, u}/;}lgs ;a} vfg gkfP/ d5{g\. oxfF eg] dn gkfP/ 56kl6Psf] ls;fgn] s;} u/L ;Ldfkfl/af6 dn NofpFbf /fHosf] 808f al;{G5 p;sf] 6fpsf]df.

cd]l/sf, a]nfot, rLg, of]/f]k]nL ;+3x¿n] s[lifdf k|z:t cg'bfg lbG5g\. dn, kfgL, lapsf] ;+s6 ef]Ug'kb}{g pgLx¿n]. g]kfndf eGbf w]/} cg's"n kl/l:ylt !=% c/asf] ljzfn hg;+Vof ePsf] Ol08ofdf 5.

otf g]kfnL /fHo l;+xb/af/df ls;fgsf] t:jL/ /fv]/ t a:5 t/ g]tfx¿sf]], gLltlgdf{tfx¿sf] dgdl:tisdf ls;fg 5 eGg]df t z+s} 5. 

lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO ;a}lt/ cfsfzs} e/ 5, l;+rfOsf] Joj:yf 5}g. OGb| dxf/fh k|;Gg eP kfgL k5{, afnL 7f8} ;'Sg kfpFb}g, gq t To:t} xf]. 

PstkmL{ ¿kdf g]kfnsf] e"efu ldlrg] u/L, cGt/f{li6«o cEof;x¿ ljk/Lt lgdf{0f ul/Psf af9L–lgoGq0f ;+/rgfx¿sf sf/0f xhf/f}F x]S6]o/ g]kfnL e"ld 8'Affgdf kbf{, hgwgsf] Iflt x'Fbf, hnhdfjsf sf/0f /f]uJoflw km}lnFbf ;d]t s[lifk|wfg b]zsf] ;+rfng u/L a;]sf] /fHo af]Nb}g. a9Ldf p;n] ug]{ eg]sf] k|efljt If]qsf] xjfO lg/LIf0f xf], afF8g] eg]sf] xjfO cfZjf;gx¿ xf].

bzsf}Fb]lv g]kfnL /fHo ;Ldfkfl/sf] pvdf{pnf] udL{ cfoft ug]{ / oxfFsf] lztn, s[lif cg's"n, dfgj ;Eotf, ;+:s[lt, snf, ;flxTo, s[lif df}nfpg] lsl;dsf] g]kfnL hnjfo' lgof{t ug]{ pBf]udf nfu]sf] 5.

cls+rg ;8\lsof] eG7fGg'xf]nf kf7sx¿.

s] sf]zL ;+emf}tf -lj ;+ @)!@_ kl5 lgld{t sf]zL a/fhn] g]kfn 8'afP/ laxf/ kf];]sf] xf]Og< s] bzsf}F b]lv w/fg sf]zLsf] kfgL lnˆ6 u/]/ ltvf{ d]6g] ;kgf dfq} b]lv/x]sf] 5}g<

s] u08s ;+emf}tf -lj ;+ @)!&_ kl5 lgdf{0f ul/Psf] u08s a/fhsf sf/0f xfd|f] v]tLof]Uo hdLg jiff{ofddf ;d]t afFemf] /xg] clg ;Ldfkfl/ rflxF ;w}F afnL em'Ng] cj:yfsf] …ljsf;Ú ePsf] xf]Og< clg s] lj ;+ @)$^ sf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{gn] l;dfkfl/ 6gsk'/ a/fhsf] af6f]af6 yk …axf/Ú NofPsf] xf]Og dxfsfnL gbLdflysf] Psflwsf/ dfkm{t\<

PstkmL{ ¿kdf, g]kfn k|efljt x'g] u/L lgdf{0f ul/Psf] nId0fk'/ a/fhn] g]kfnL ls;fgx¿nfO{ slt c;/ kf/]sf] 5< g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfnfO{ yk s'l07t kf/]sf] 5}g< /l;ofjfn–v'b{nf]6g afFwn] lg<

c¿0f gbLdf cfwfl/t hnfzoo'Qm cfof]hgfx¿n] g]kfnsf] pj{/, zfGt, lztn k"jL{ kxf8df s:tf] jftfj/0fLo k|efj kfnf{< :d/0fLo 5, clxn] g} k"jL{ kxf8sf sltko :yfgx¿df vfg]kfgLsf] cefjsf sf/0f a:tL ;fg'{kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5.

klZrd ;]tL, ;]tL–^ cfof]hgfx¿sf] jftfj/0fLo k|efj s] s:tf] x'g] xf]nf< v]tLkftL, hnr/sf] cl:tTj nufot hglhljsfsf ;du| kIfx¿df b"/ufdL c;/ gknf{< g]kfnsf] tNnf]t6Lo If]qx¿sf] d¿e"lds/0f lta| ultdf gxf]nf< xfd|f] hn;fj{ef}ldstf cem ;+s'lrt gxf]nf<

e"kl/j]li7t /fi6«x¿ eGb}5g\M An' Osf]gdL cyf{t\ dxf;fu/, ;fu/x¿df /x]sf ;|f]tx¿, tL ;|f]tx¿af6 k|fKt x'g] nfedf xfd|f] klg xs :yflkt x'g'k5{. xfdL rflxF xfd|f gbL, vf]nfx¿sf] clwstd pkof]u ug{ ;Sg] l:yltdf ;d]t 5}gf}F. xfd|f] efUo, eljio abNg ;Sg] hn;|f]tdfly xfdL lta| ultdf lgoGq0f u'dfO/x]sf 5f}F. 

zlStzfnL l5d]sL ;dtn e"efu eO slxNo} gkmls{g] u/L …nfx'l/g]Ú gbL tyf vf]nfx¿nfO{ kxf8sf] sfvb]lv g} lgoGq0f ub}{ cfˆgf] gbLhf]8 cfof]hgf ;+rfng ug{ cfjZos kfgLsf] hf]xf] ub}{5, cTolws bf]xgsf sf/0f u+uft6Lo If]q nufotsf e"efux¿df hn;tx Hofb} 36]sf] cj:yfdf. p kof{Kt kfgL ePsf] If]qaf6 ;'Vvfu|:t If]qx¿ x/fe/f agfpg] of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ub}{5.

o;/L g]kfnL e"efu ;'Vvf agfO, d¿e"ld agfO ;Ldf s6fOPsf] kfgLn] ;Ldfkfl/ Osf]nhL u]g x'g]5. hxfF kfgL kof{Kt x'G5, ToxfF hLjhGt'x¿, af]6la¿jfx¿ hlGdG5g\, x'ls{G5g\, ;lk|G5g\. gbLlsgf/d} zx/x¿ a:5g\, ;Eotf / ;+:s[lt df}nfpg] pko'St jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'G5.

log} sf/0fx¿n] xf]nf ;+:s[tdf kfgLsf] csf]{ gfd hLjg /flvPsf]].

;kmf kfgLsf ;|f]tx¿sf] nflu ;+;f/df o'4 x'g ;S5 elgFb}5. ;Ldfkfl/ /fHo–/fHolar s[i0ff, sfa]/L, ;tnh nufotsf gbLx¿sf] afF8kmfF8 ;DaGwdf ljjfbx¿ 5g\.

;/sf/n] kfgLsf] pkof]u ;DaGwdf Ol08of;Fu ul/Psf ;lGw÷;+emf}tfx¿sf sf/0f u'd]sf] g]kfnsf] xs k'gM:yflkt ug{, Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt ug{ s"6gLlts kxn ug'{kg]{ xf]. 

xfd|f] /fhgLlts g]t[Tj / sd{rf/LtGq eg] /fi6«3ftsf k|s/0fx¿af6 kf7 l;Sb}, ;RofpFb} cl3 a9g'sf] ;f6f] yk u+eL/ uNtLx¿ ub}{5.

l5d]sLsf] :jfy{sf cl3 gtd:ts g]kfnL /fHo ls;fgnfO{ ysf{pg 5f]8\b}g. v]tLof]Uo hdLg afFemf] /fv] Ps nfv ltg'{k5{ eG5. ljZjdf vfB ;+s6 b]lvO/x]sf] kl/k|]Iodf Ol08ofn] ux'F lgof{tdf /f]s nufPsf] 5, eljiodf cGo vfB kbfy{x¿sf] lgof{tdf klg /f]s nufpnf. o:tf] l:yltk|lt ;+j]bgzLn /xL ;/sf/n] t ls;fgsf nflu dn, lap, ls6gfzs, l;FrfO, s[lif C0f cflbsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg'kg]{ xf].

;/sf/ ;dfwfgsf] ¿kdf k|:t't x'g'kg]{df dxf;+s6sf] ¿kdf v8f 5 g]kfnL nf]s ;dIf. b}jsf] t s'lGg, ;/sf/sf] rflxF s'g} cf]vlt x'Fbf] /x]g5 ls Sof xf]<